1. Active Web Sites
-allow the user to be sent customized pages and which offer a more dynamic browsing experience.
-built with a combination of languages and technologies, and we can use any one of them alone, or any number together.
-independent (in the sense that we don't have to learn one technology before we can learn another).
2. Active Web Sites - technologies
client-side technologies
-ActiveX Controls – created by Visual C++ or Visual Basic
-Java Applets
-Client-side Script and Dynamic HTML
Server-side technologies
-CGI
-Proprietary web-server APIs such as ISAPI and NSAPI
-Active Server Pages
-JavaServer Pages and Java Servlets
-Server-Side JavaScript
-PHP
3. Server Side Scripting - Benefits
-Minimizes network traffic by limiting the need for the browser and server sending information back and forth to each other.
-Makes for quicker loading time since, in the end, we're only actually downloading a page of HTML.
-Avoids browser-compatibility problems.
-Can provide the client with data that does not reside at the client.
-Provides improved security measures.
4. How PHP Works?
5. Basic PHP Syntax - PHP Tags
<?php ?>
Standard - compatible with all server settings
<? ?>
Short tags – easier but may conflict with xml and may not be supported in all server settings
<% %>
ASP tags – same tags with asp, not supported in all server settings
<script language=“php”> </script>
Script tags - compatible with all server settings
9. Variables
a holder for a type of data.
-numbers,
-strings of characters,
-objects,
-arrays,
-booleans.
Loosely typed
-Takes the type of the value that is assigned to it
10. Variables - Types
Standard
-Integer
-Double
-String
-Boolean
-Object
-Array
Special
-Resource
-NULL
11. Variables - Naming
Should start with $
Alphanumeric
can contain ‘_’
Cannot contain space
$user = "juan";
print "hello, $user"; // hello, juan
12. Variables – Automatic Type Conversion
Consider the script
$a =1;
$b=2.2;
$c= $a + $b;
echo $c; //result: 3.2
13. Variables – Manual Type Conversion
Type casting
$a =1;
$b=2.2;
$c= $a + (int)$b;
echo $c; //result: 3
14. Variables – Manual Type Conversion
Possible Type Cast
-(int)
-(integer)
-(real)
-(double)
-(float)
-(string)
-(array)
-(object)
15. Variables – Type Testing using functions
is_array() Returns true if the argument is an array
is_bool() Returns true if the argument is boolean
is_double() Returns true if the argument is a double
is_int() Returns true if the argument is an integer
is_object() Returns true if the argument is an object
is_string() Returns true if the argument is a string
is_null() Returns true if the argument is null
is_resource() Returns true if the argument is a resource
16. Variables - Constants
define (“CONSTANT_NAME”,42);
By convention, the name of the constant should be in uppercase letters.
Accessed with the constant name only; no dollar symbol is required.
Example:
<?php
define ("USER", "Gerald");
print "Welcome".USER;
?>
17. Single Quotes vs. Double Quotes
Double quotation marks allow the parsing of variables
$user = “juan”;
print “hello, $user” //result: hello, juan
string to be output exactly as you typed it
print ‘hello, $user’ //result: hello, $user
18. Operators - Assignment
= takes the value of its right operand and assigns it to its left operand
Example
$address = “cebu";
print ( $address = “cebu" );
//result: cebu
19. Operators - Arithmetic
+
-
/
*
%
20. Operators - Concatenation
Treating both operands as a string
Appends right operand to the left
Example
$feet = 20;
print "the width is ".($feet*12)." inches";
//result: the width is 240 inches
21. Operators - Comparison
==
!=
===
Identical
Left is equivalent to right and they are the same type
>
>=
<
<=
22. Operators - Logical
||
or
&&
and
!
xor
4. How PHP Works?
-The server reads the PHP and processes it according to its scripted directions.
-PHP creates an HTML page on the fly based on parameters.
-The client receives the HTML file from PHP server and displays it using a web browser.
5. Basic PHP Syntax - PHP Tags
<?php ?>
Standard - compatible with all server settings
<? ?>
Short tags – easier but may conflict with xml and may not be supported in all server settings
<% %>
ASP tags – same tags with asp, not supported in all server settings
<script language=“php”> </script>
Script tags - compatible with all server settings
6. Basic PHP Syntax – White Spaces
-They don’t matter
-You can have a code which may be separated by n number of new lines
-You can also have a PHP code that is only one line
7. Basic PHP Syntax - Comments
// - comments only one line of code
# - comments only one line of code
/**/ - comments more than one line of code
8. Basic PHP Syntax - Print functions
print() – returns an integer 1 all the time
<?php
print "hello world";
?>
echo() – accepts multiple parameters
<?php
echo "hello world“;
?>
a holder for a type of data.
-numbers,
-strings of characters,
-objects,
-arrays,
-booleans.
Loosely typed
-Takes the type of the value that is assigned to it
10. Variables - Types
Standard
-Integer
-Double
-String
-Boolean
-Object
-Array
Special
-Resource
-NULL
11. Variables - Naming
Should start with $
Alphanumeric
can contain ‘_’
Cannot contain space
$user = "juan";
print "hello, $user"; // hello, juan
12. Variables – Automatic Type Conversion
Consider the script
$a =1;
$b=2.2;
$c= $a + $b;
echo $c; //result: 3.2
13. Variables – Manual Type Conversion
Type casting
$a =1;
$b=2.2;
$c= $a + (int)$b;
echo $c; //result: 3
14. Variables – Manual Type Conversion
Possible Type Cast
-(int)
-(integer)
-(real)
-(double)
-(float)
-(string)
-(array)
-(object)
15. Variables – Type Testing using functions
is_array() Returns true if the argument is an array
is_bool() Returns true if the argument is boolean
is_double() Returns true if the argument is a double
is_int() Returns true if the argument is an integer
is_object() Returns true if the argument is an object
is_string() Returns true if the argument is a string
is_null() Returns true if the argument is null
is_resource() Returns true if the argument is a resource
16. Variables - Constants
define (“CONSTANT_NAME”,42);
By convention, the name of the constant should be in uppercase letters.
Accessed with the constant name only; no dollar symbol is required.
Example:
<?php
define ("USER", "Gerald");
print "Welcome".USER;
?>
17. Single Quotes vs. Double Quotes
Double quotation marks allow the parsing of variables
$user = “juan”;
print “hello, $user” //result: hello, juan
string to be output exactly as you typed it
print ‘hello, $user’ //result: hello, $user
18. Operators - Assignment
= takes the value of its right operand and assigns it to its left operand
Example
$address = “cebu";
print ( $address = “cebu" );
//result: cebu
19. Operators - Arithmetic
+
-
/
*
%
20. Operators - Concatenation
Treating both operands as a string
Appends right operand to the left
Example
$feet = 20;
print "the width is ".($feet*12)." inches";
//result: the width is 240 inches
21. Operators - Comparison
==
!=
===
Identical
Left is equivalent to right and they are the same type
>
>=
<
<=
22. Operators - Logical
||
or
&&
and
!
xor
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